At the beginning of an explosion the radius cannot follow Taylor's 2/5 scaling, which would lead to a divergence of the front speed. In this fifth episode on the physics of explosions we describe the very early dynamics of explosions, which are often associated with a constant speed built from the opposition between the output of energy and the ejected mass. Eventually, as the front moves forward the mass of swept-up ambient medium builds up until its inertia is dominant over the ejected mass. At this juncture, the density of the ambient medium becomes the main resisting factor facing energy, marking the beginning of Taylor's regime, where the front speed starts to decrease. Only a few flying debris may continue at the ejection speed. For conventional and nuclear explosions, the early regime at constant speed may only take a few microseconds but it can last for centuries for supernova remnants.

*Video Content*

On this page, you will find the pdf slides used in the making of the video, together with some films, gifs, images and plots used in the video. Feel free to use this content in any way you see fit.

A link to the datasets we used is available at the end of this page, together with the references associated with this video.

Slides

A5_SLIDES_compressed.pdf

Download our slideshow for your lectures / presentations.


Films

GIFs

Images

Plots

References

New:
Gurney (1943)
Bethe (1947)
Cioffi (1988)
Truelove (1999)
Settles (2006)

And from previous episodes:
Mack (1946)
Mack (1947)
Bainbridge (1976)
Taylor (1950a)
Taylor (1950b)
O'Connell (1957)
Schmitt (2016)
Nguyen (2017)
Porzel (1957)
Kingerey (1962)
Aouad (2021)
Hargather (2007)
Kleine (2010)
Porneala (2006)
Campanella (2019)
Grun (1991)
Xiang (2017)
Trinity and Beyond
Greg Spriggs and the curation of nuclear atmospheric tests:
https://str.llnl.gov/october-2017/spriggs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWpqGKUG5yY&ab_channel=LawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratory
LLNL Nuclear Test Films Browser:
http://blog.nuclearsecrecy.com/misc/llnlfilms/

More on Trinity:
Source of the Trinity footage and pictures: Los Alamos National Laboratory https://www.lanl.gov/ https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/trinity-test-1945 https://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/julian-e-mack https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/high-speed-photography
More nuclear tests:
https://www.atomcentral.com/ https://www.sonicbomb.com/ https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFbzthhT2eRcBpEPc5FPGtQ

Authors:
Marc-Antoine Fardin (Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, Université Paris Cité)
Mathieu Hautefeuille (Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Université)
Vivek Sharma (Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago)

Acknowledgements:
Anna Part (Atomic Heritage Foundation, National Museum of Nuclear Science & History)
Greg Spriggs (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)